Periodontal disease affects the tissues that support the teeth. Plaque buildup, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth, is the primary cause of gum disease. When plaque is not removed through regular brushing and flossing, it hardens into a substance called tartar, which can only be removed by a dentist or dental hygienist. As the plaque and tartar buildup, they cause inflammation of the gums, leading to Monterey gum disease.
Some of the symptoms of gum disease include:
Red, swollen, or bleeding gums
Red, swollen, or bleeding gums are common symptoms of gum disease. They occur as a result of inflammation caused by the buildup of plaque and tartar. The inflammation causes the blood vessels in the gums to dilate, leading to redness and swelling. The gums may also bleed when you brush or floss your teeth or eat hard foods.
Receding gums
It is a condition in which the gum tissue surrounding the teeth starts to pull back or wear away, exposing more of the tooth, including the root. This can cause the teeth to appear longer than normal and lead to sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures and sweets.
Bad breath
Bad breath, also known as halitosis, is a common symptom of gum disease. When plaque and tartar build-up on the teeth, they can provide a breeding ground for bacteria. These bacteria can produce foul-smelling compounds such as sulfur compounds, which can cause bad breath. This can create an environment where bacteria can thrive, further exacerbating bad breath.
Causes of gum disease
These are some of the causes you should know:
Poor oral hygiene habits
Poor oral hygiene is a leading cause of gum disease. When teeth are not cleaned properly, plaque can build up on the teeth. Poor oral hygiene habits can contribute to gum disease such as:
- Not brushing and flossing regularly: Brushing at least twice a day and flossing once a day is essential for removing plaque and preventing gum disease.
- Using a toothbrush with hard bristles: Hard-bristled toothbrushes can damage the gums, leading to receding gums and an increased risk of gum disease.
Smoking
Smoking or using other tobacco products is a major risk factor for gum disease. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco products can cause the blood vessels in the gums to constrict, reducing the flow of oxygen and nutrients to the gums. This can make it more difficult for the gums to fight off infection and can also slow down the healing process.
Hormonal changes
Hormonal changes, such as those that occur during pregnancy or menopause, can increase the risk of gum disease. During pregnancy, hormonal changes can cause the gums to become more sensitive to inflammation, leading to pregnancy gingivitis. This can cause the gums to become red, swollen, and bleed easily. Pregnant women are also more susceptible to plaque and tartar buildup, which can lead to gum disease.
It is important to note that gum disease is largely preventable with good oral hygiene practices and regular dental checkups. Visit the Perio & Implant Center of Monterey Bay and Silicon Valley to learn more.
