A Pap smear is a diagnostic procedure to identify signs of infection, inflammation, and cancer. An abnormal Pap smear result indicates cancerous or precancerous cells that require further evaluation. Most often human papillomavirus (HPV) is responsible for the development of cervical cancer.
Atlanta abnormal pap smears and HPV specialists provide accurate assessments and interventions for the underlying cause. They are skilled healthcare professionals that excel in performing procedures like colposcopy to determine the presence of any problem with your cervix.
Human Papillomavirus And Its Spread
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of several related viruses that are the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). Most of the strains do not cause any symptoms, but some may lead to the formation of genital warts or may increase your risk for cervical cancer.
- HPV 6 and 11 are responsible for the development of genital warts. These are flat or raised, flesh-toned, cauliflower-like abnormal proliferation or growths that typically develop within a few weeks or months of exposure.
- HPV strains 16, 18, and 45 most likely advance to cervical cancer.
HPV spreads through skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, oral, or anal sexual activities. You are likely to spread the virus even if you do not have any symptoms. However, it is important to note that HPV does not spread through toilet seats, sharing food, swimming pools, or holding hands.
Abnormal Pap Smear
A Pap smear is a common diagnostic test that involves removing the abnormal cells from the cervix and studying them under a microscope to check for signs of changes that could indicate cancer.
If your Pap smear results are abnormal, your doctor will suggest a procedure called colposcopy to determine the extent of the cell change.
An Insight Into Colposcopy
Colposcopy is an essential test that helps determine the cause of having an abnormal Pap smear. It is a simple, and safe outpatient procedure.
- Your gynecologist will insert a speculum into the vagina for easy access.
- Applying vinegar to your cervix will light up the abnormal cells for easy identification.
- A colposcope will be inserted, which is a specialised scope to achieve a clear view of the cervix.
- If any abnormalities are noticed, a biopsy will be performed by taking tissue samples from two areas of your cervix namely the endocervix, and the exocervix.
It is normal to experience the following symptoms after colposcopy:
- Mild cramping
- Brown vaginal discharge
- Light bleeding
However, the following activities should be avoided after colposcopy:
- Sexual intercourse
- Strenuous activities
- Heaving lifting
- Using tampons
- Douching
Takeaway
Pap smear and colposcopy are important diagnostic procedures to check for signs of cervical cancer caused by HPV. Any abnormality in the biopsy report would determine whether you need further tests or treatment.
